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Monday, September 09, 2019

The HINDU Notes – 09th September 2019

14:12





📰 Chinese trawlers in southern Indian Ocean worry India

The huge increase in numbers in the southern Indian Ocean far from the Chinese coast has raised concerns

•There has been a huge increase in Chinese deep-sea fishing trawlers in the southern Indian Ocean far from the Chinese coast which has raised concerns in the government and the security establishment, according to official sources. This was discussed in the recent coastal security meetings involving Director-General (DG), Shipping, the Navy and other stakeholders.

•“In the last four years, on an average at least 500 Chinese trawlers were present in the region and around 32,250 incidents per year were recorded,” a senior defence source said. The trawlers were, however, not in India’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) but beyond, the source added. This includes trawlers from China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.

•Breaking this up further, there were 1,100 occurrences near Somalia and 1,500 occurrences near the Coast of Oman. Occurrences are recordings of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) aboard trawlers and ships recorded when they are activated. So a trawler can be recorded multiple times based on its AIS signature. Chinese trawlers have institutional backing and have processing facilities with them which are sold in the vicinity, the source added on the modalities of the operation.

•While India has good inland fishing, the ocean fishing capacity is way below capacity. There have been recommendations for the need to boost domestic deep-sea fishing. “Our deep-sea fishing is in bits and pieces. We need to boost that,” the source said.

•The maritime movements in the region are tracked at the Navy’s Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) at Gurugram, which is the single-point centre interlinking all the coastal radar chains and other inputs along the coastline. The AIS information comprises name, MMSI number, position, course, speed, last port visited, destination and so on. This information can be picked up through various AIS sensors including coastal AIS chains and satellite based receivers.

•To address this, the National Maritime Domain Awareness initiative aims to integrate fishing, ports, customs so that the database is available to everyone. Currently, the States have their databases. As part of this evolving mechanism, the National Committee for Strengthening Maritime and Coastal Security is scheduled to meet this week to discuss the implementation.

•There has been a national effort to install AIS systems on ships under 20m for which a pilot study has been carried out. AIS works through satellite and the ISRO has already delivered 1000 transponders for trails in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.

📰 Moon lander Vikram may not spring back to life, say space experts
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THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 09.09.2019

07:00
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Sunday, September 08, 2019

Daily Current Affairs, 08th September 2019

16:37





1) International Literacy Day: 08th September
•International Literacy Day celebrated annually on 8 September. It is an opportunity for Governments, civil society and stakeholders to highlight improvements in world literacy rates, and reflect on the world’s remaining literacy challenges. The issue of literacy is a key component of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals and the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

 •The Theme of International Literacy Day 2019 is Literacy and Multilingualism.

2) GoI to spend 3.5 lakh crore rupees on Jal Jeevan Mission
•Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced that the central government will spend 3.5 lakh crore rupees in the next five years on ‘Jal Jeevan Mission’ to deliver potable water at every household across the country. Jal Jeevan Mission involves saving water and delivering water at one’s doorstep.

3) 68th Plenary session of NEC begins in Guwahati
•The 68th Plenary session of the North Eastern Council (NEC) begins in Guwahati, Assam. Union Home Minister Amit Shah Chaired the 2-day event. Governors and Chief Ministers of North Eastern states will attend the event. During the two-day session, there will be presentations from various ministries and state governments on various developmental issues which are critical to the North East.

4) Ram Jethmalani Passes Away at 95
•Ram Jethmalani, one of India’s finest lawyers and a former union minister has passed away. He was 95. He was a six-time Rajya Sabha member, served as a Union Minister in the United Front and NDA governments. He joined the BJP-led NDA ministry in 1998 and then again in October 1999.

 •Mr. Jethmalani had also served as the chairman of the Bar Council of India.

5) Bianca Andreescu Clinch US Open Women’s Singles Title
•Canadian teenager Bianca Andreescu stunned Serena Williams 6-3, 7-5 to grab the US Open 2019 women’s singles title. The 19-year-old Andreescu becomes the first Canadian singles player to win a Grand Slam event. With the victory, Andreescu also jumps into the top 10 in the WTA rankings. The 19-year-old teen is also the first woman to win the trophy at Flushing Meadows in her tournament debut in the Open era.

 •Meanwhile, Serena Williams has lost each of her last four Grand Slam finals, all with a chance to tie Margaret Court’s record of 24 Grand Slam singles titles.
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The HINDU Notes – 07th September 2019

14:22

📰 ‘Indus Valley settlers had a distinct genetic lineage’

Genome shows no Steppe pastoralist or Iranian farmer link.

•Throwing fresh light on the Indus Valley Civilisation, a study of DNA from skeletal remains excavated from the Harappan cemetery at Rakhigarhi argues that the hunter-gatherers of South Asia, who then became a settled people, have an independent origin. The researchers who conducted the study contend that the theory of the Harappans having Steppe pastoral or ancient Iranian farmer ancestry thus stands refuted. The finding also negates the hypothesis about mass migration during Harappan times from outside South Asia, they argue.

•Vasant Shinde, the professor who headed the Rakhigarhi Project said on Friday that researchers had successfully sequenced the first genome of an individual from Harappa and combining it with archaeological data, found that hunter-gatherers of South Asia had an independent origin, and authored the settled way of life in this part of the world.

•“They do not contain genome from either the Steppe region or ancient Iranian farmers. The genetic continuity from hunter gatherer to modern times is visible in the DNA results,” Prof. Shinde, affiliated to the Department of Archaeology, Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, Pune, said.

•The study, he said, finds that the same hunter-gatherer communities developed into agricultural communities and formed the Harappan civilisation.

•The researchers also suggest that there was a movement of people from east to west as the Harappan people’s presence is evident at sites like Gonur in Turkmenistan and Sahr-i-Sokhta in Iran. “As the Harappans traded with Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Persian Gulf and almost all across South Asia, there was bound to be movement of people resulting in a mixed genetic history. India had a heterogeneous population right from the beginning of settled life,” Prof. Shinde said. There was a hint that settled life and domestication went from South Asia to West Asia.

•The Rakhigarhi study was reported in a paper titled “An Ancient Harappan Genome Lacks Ancestry from Steppe Pastoralists or Iranian farmers” in the journal Cell on Thursday.

Origins of farming

•In Europe, ancient-DNA studies have shown that agriculture tended to spread through an influx of people with ancestry in Anatolia, in modern day Turkey.

•The new study shows a similar dynamic in Iran and Turan (southern Central Asia), where the researchers found that Anatolian-related ancestry and farming arrived around the same time.

•In South Asia, however, the story appears quite different.

•Not only did the researchers find an absence of Anatolian-related ancestry, they saw that Iranian-related ancestry in South Asians comes from a lineage that separated from ancient Iranian farmers and hunter-gatherers before those groups split from each other, nearly 9,000 years ago.

•The researchers, therefore, concluded that farming in South Asia was not due to the movement of people from the farming cultures of the west and that local foragers adopted it.

•“Researchers find no trace of the Anatolian-related ancestry that is a hallmark of the spread of farming to the west, but the Iranian-related ancestry they detected in South Asians comes from a lineage that separated from ancient Iranian farmers and hunter-gatherers before those groups split from each other,” a statement highlighting the findings says. 

•“Prior to the arrival of steppe pastoralists bringing their Indo-European languages about 4,000 years ago, we find no evidence of large-scale movements of people into South Asia,” David Reich, a geneticist and a co-author of the study, based in the United States, said in a statement. 

📰 Bear hug: On India strengthening relations with Russia
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THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 08.09.2019

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Saturday, September 07, 2019

Daily Current Affairs, 07th September 2019

16:49





1) ISRO loses contact with Moon lander “Vikram”
•Indian Space Research Organisation has announced that it lost contact with the Moon lander “Vikram” which was scheduled to land on the moon between 1.30 a.m. and 2.30 a.m. (IST). Further the roll out of the rover “Pragyan” was scheduled between 5.30 a.m and 6.30 a.m. Lander “Vikram” started its descent at about 1.38 a.m. from an altitude of 30 km at a velocity of 1,680 metres per second, but lost its communication with the Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter when it was at an altitude of 2.1 Km from Moon’s surface.

 •According to ISRO, the performance of the lander was as per the plan till it was 2.1 km from the moon surface. Although, the 2,379 kg Chandrayaan-2 orbiter continues to fly around the moon. Its mission life is of one year.

 •ISRO launched the Chandrayaan-2 (on July 22, 2019) into the space from India’s heavy lift rocket Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle-Mark III (GSLV Mk III). The Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft comprised three segments: the Orbiter, lander ‘Vikram’ and rover ‘Pragyan’.

2) UNESCO ties up with Rajasthan to promote state’s intangible cultural heritage
•UNESCO and Rajasthan government joined hands to promote music, art and craft forms, and other intangible cultural heritage of the state to spur socio-economic growth of several artist communities.

 •It is a partnership agreement to promote community-based responsible tourism based on the rich intangible cultural heritage of Rajasthan. The project will be implemented in Jodhpur, Barmer, Jaisalmer and Bikaner districts.

3) Vice president releases book titled ‘Glorious Diaspora – Pride of India’
 
•A Coffee Table Book titled ‘Glorious Diaspora- Pride of India’ on Pravasi Bharatiya Samman awardees was released by Vice President of India, M. Venkaiah Naidu in New Delhi.

 •The book contains the brief profiles of recipients of Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards (PBSA) from 2003 to 2019. It has been brought out by Indian Diaspora Club. It includes an inspiring profile of Distinguished Overseas Indians who have made their indelible mark in various fields.

4) 4th Indian Ocean Conference 2019 held in Male
•4th Indian Ocean Conference 2019 was recently held in Male, Maldives. Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar was one of the speakers at the Indian Ocean Conference 2019 event.

 •The theme for 4th Indian Ocean Conference 2019 was: ‘Securing the Indian Ocean Region: Traditional and Non-Traditional Challenges’. This edition of the conference will provide yet another opportunity for stakeholders of the Indian Ocean Region to deliberate on building an institutional framework for managing the threats to regional peace and human security.

5) Gujarat Govt, Delaware State of America sign MoU for sister state
•Gujarat Government and the Delaware State of America signed Memorandum of Understanding(MoU) for sister state. This is the first sister-state MoU signed by Gujarat with any state of America.

 •The cooperation in the field of services and investment opportunities in GIFT-IFSC (Gujarat International Finance Tec-City – International Financial Services Centre) discussed during the meeting. The sectors like Biotechnology University, biosciences, financial services, animal husbandry and dairy, port services are the fields related to which the cooperation.

6) India to host 6th India-China Strategic Economic Dialogue
•The 6th India-China Strategic Economic Dialogue (SED) begins in New Delhi. India will host the dialogue that will focus on collaboration between two countries on areas of infrastructure, energy, high-tech, resource conservation, pharmaceuticals policy coordination.

 •From the Indian side, it will be chaired by NITI Aayog vice-chairman Rajiv Kumar and the Chinese side will be led by the chairman of the National Development and Reforms Commission (NDRC).

7) India Pavilion inaugurated at 44th TIFF 2019
•High Commissioner of India to Canada Vikas Swarup inaugurated the India Pavilion at the 44th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) 2019.

 •The Inauguration of India Pavilion at TIFF 2019 will provide a platform to showcase Indian Cinema in the overseas market and facilitate new business opportunities. TIFF also provides the ideal platform for the global outreach of the 50th International Film Festival of India 2019.

8) B Bala Bhaskar appointed as next Indian Ambassador to Norway
•Senior diplomat B Bala Bhaskar was appointed as the next Indian Ambassador to Norway. He will replace Krishan Kumar, who has been heading the Indian mission in Norway since July 2018. Formerly he served as a Joint Secretary of the WANA division of the MEA that deals with all the matters relating to India’s trade with WANA region comprising 19 countries.
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Kurukshetra Magazine September 2019 PDF Download

07:15
Kurukshetra Magazine September 2019 PDF Download

Now you have made up your mind to become IAS officer and looking for the books and study materials to achieve your goal. Well, you are on the right page. Now We are Sharing With You Kurukshetra Magazine September 2019 PDF Download. 
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Indian Economy Prelims Past year Topic wise Question paper analysis 2011 - 2019 PDF

07:06
Indian Economy Prelims Past year Topic wise Question paper analysis 2011 - 2019







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