VISION

VISION

Material For Exam

Recent Update

Thursday, August 29, 2019

The HINDU Notes – 29th August 2019

15:15



📰 Age of third-degree torture is over, Amit Shah tells police

Home Minister stresses on need for a robust forensic set-up that will make it impossible for criminals to escape the clutches of law.

•The age of third-degree torture was over and the police should stay a step ahead of crime and “criminal-minded people” through better investigation and forensic evidence, Union Home Minister Amit Shah said on Wednesday 

•He was speaking at the 50th foundation day of the Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPRD), a think-tank under the Ministry of Home Affairs. 

•Mr. Shah said old police concepts should be revived for investigation and mere “reliance on phone tapping” was not going to yield results. He stressed on need for a robust forensic set-up that would make it impossible for criminals to escape the clutches of law.

•“Modernisation plan for police forces should be made for at least 10 years... This is not an age of third- degree [torture], police should stay ahead of crime and criminal-minded people,” Mr. Shah said. “It should use forensic science to get irrefutable evidence against the suspect that would lead to conviction in court,” he said.

•The BPRD should work on a proposal to amend various sections of the Indian Penal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) after seeking suggestions from the people. “If a Class XII student wants to join police force, he should be properly guided and arrangements should be made. The BPRD has submitted a proposal for this and it will be placed before the Union Cabinet soon,” he said.

•Mr. Shah said that in the British era, the police were raised to protect their interests, but now the duty of the police was “protection of the people.” Since Independence, more than 34,000 policemen had lost their lives in the line of duty.

📰 Common code of conduct proposed for legislative bodies
Read More
Read more »
at
Labels:

RRB JE CBT 2: Cancellation & Rescheduling Notice by RRB Kolkata

at
Labels:

THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 29.08.2019

06:50
Read More
at
Labels: , ,

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Daily Current Affairs, 28th August 2019

15:53





1) Govt Launched mobile app “Janaushadhi Sugam”
•Union Minister for Chemicals and Fertilizers launched a mobile application “Janaushadhi Sugam”. This app will enable people to search for Janaushadhi generic medicines and the stores at the tip of their fingers.

 •“Janaushadhi Sugam” mobile application would have user-friendly options like- to locate nearby Janaushadhikendra, direction guidance for the location of the Janaushadhikendra through Google Map, search Janaushadhi generic medicines, analyse product comparison of Generic vs Branded medicine in form of MRP & overall Savings, etc. The mobile application is available on both Android & iOS platforms.

2) Tamil Nadu govt launches Education TV for school students
•Tamil Nadu government launched its exclusive 24×7 education channel for school students. This TV channel, aimed at benefiting students of classes I to XII.  This is an initiative of the School Education Department. The name of the channel is ‘Kalvi Tholaikkatchi’ (Education TV). The channel’s content will include shows aimed at school children, besides those on jobs and related issues.

3) App launched to help Paralympians in Tokyo
•A mobile app was launched to help para-athletes to look up accessible places in Tokyo during their visit to the city for the 2020 Paralympics Games. The application  “IndTokyo”which was launched by Arhan Bagati, Awareness and Impact Ambassador of Paralympic Committee of India, at the ‘Countdown to Tokyo 2020’.

4) NOAPS-single window clearing system of NMA launched
The Minister of State for Culture & Tourism (Independent Charge) has launched an integrated NOC online Application Processing System for National Monuments Authority in New Delhi. This will help in online processing of applications requesting NOC for construction related work in prohibited and regulated area of ASI protected monuments.

 6 new states will be part of this Integrated Online Application Portal with Urban Local Bodies Count. The details of States and Urban Local Bodies are as follows:
•Madhya Pradesh (378)
•Andhra Pradesh (110)
•Haryana (15)
•Punjab (10)
•Jharkhand (3)
•Telangana (1)

 Earlier this system was available only for five urban local bodies of Delhi and one urban local body of Mumbai.

5) IAF’s Shalija Dhami becomes first female flight commander
•Indian Air Force’s Wing Commander Shalija Dhami has become the first female officerin the country to become Flight Commander of a flying unit. Dhami took over as Flight Commander of a Chetak helicopter unit at Hindon airbase. Flight Commander is the second in command of the unit after the commanding officer.

6) ONGC’s CMD honoured with Distinguished Fellowship of IOD, 2019
•Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) Chairman and Managing Director (CMD), Shashi Shanker was honoured with the Distinguished Fellowship of the Institute of Directors (IOD) 2019. He was honoured during the 29th Institute of Directors (IOD) Annual Day Ceremony.

 •The prestigious Fellowship honour was conferred to Shanker in appreciation of his distinguished contribution to business and society. The theme of this year’s IOD Annual Day Ceremony was ‘Future Boards: Leading Strategy to Embrace Sustainability’.

7) Indian documentary ‘I’m Jeeja’ wins award at We Care Film Festival
•Indian documentary film “I’m Jeeja” has won the award at the 14th edition of the ‘We Care Film Festival on Disability Issues’. “I’m Jeeja” has won the award in the ‘Under 30 minute’ category. The documentary directed by Swati Chakraborty attempts to explore the lives and battles of people living with the disability. Another Indian film “Post Dark” received a jury mention in ‘Under 5 minutes’ category.

8) Eric Cantona to be honored with UEFA President’s Award
•Former Manchester United forward player Eric Cantona will be honoured with the 2019 UEFA President’s Award. The award recognises outstanding achievements, professional excellence and exemplary personal qualities of the player. Cantona won four Premier League titles in five years with United in the 1990s and scored 64 goals for the Old Trafford club in 143 appearances.
Read More
at
Labels: , ,

The HINDU Notes – 28th August 2019

14:20





📰 A monumental litmus test

How the Supreme Court decides the cases around Article 370 will have a deep bearing on democracy

•Perhaps not since the Indira Gandhi-declared Emergency has the Supreme Court of India faced an examination such as this, where its moral fibre is at stake. There, in ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla, the court, by its own subsequent admission, came up lamentably short. The court, by ruling that fundamental rights, including a person’s right to life, could be validly suspended during a period of emergency, left democracy teetering on the edge of the abyss. Now it faces a litmus test nearly as monumental. The cases before it concern not only the validity of the government’s decision to virtually revoke Article 370 of the Constitution — and, with it, the special status that Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) enjoyed — but also the legality of the chilling limitations placed on civil liberties in the region. How the court decides these cases will have a deep bearing on the destiny of democracy in India.

A dilution of Article 370

•Article 370, which pledged relative autonomy in governance to J&K, was premised on the idea that ultimate sovereignty rested with the people. But time after time this basic compact has been weakened by successive regimes at the Centre, including by India’s first elected government. For its part, the Supreme Court has invariably overlooked these transgressions, by affirming the Union government’s position of hegemony. The presently executed moves, however, push the envelope further, by stripping Article 370 of all its meaning. And this the government has achieved not through debate and deliberation but through constitutional obfuscation.

•When the Supreme Court hears arguments on the questions arising out of these events, the government will likely point to the political nature of the dispute. In defending its decision, the government has already offered a plethora of justifications — in this, the important and critical need to re-assimilate in J&K, Kashmiri Pandits who suffered a harrowing exodus from the State has scarcely found mention.

•But regardless of the ends of the government, what ought to be clear is that the rule of law demands that any state action is bound by the Constitution and its limits. After all, that is precisely why we have a Constitution underpinning our democratic republic. When judges exercise their minds on the simple legality of the government’s orders it should be evident to them that the quashing of Article 370 is unlawful. And that, for the court, is all that should matter.

•Article 370’s raison d’être is contained in the Instrument of Accession signed by Hari Singh, the then Maharaja of J&K, on October 26, 1947. The provision, in constitutionalising the terms of that accord, stipulated that Parliament could legislate for J&K only over matters concerning external affairs, defence and communications. Where Parliament intended to legislate over additional areas otherwise provided for in the terms of the accession, it could do so by consulting the State government. But where it proposed to enact laws beyond the agreed subjects it required not only the State government’s concurrence but also the express ratification of J&K’s Constituent Assembly.

•The Article, therefore, clearly envisaged the idea that J&K would have a Constitution of its own. Its chief drafter, N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, was conscious of the fact that any permanent arrangement between the State and the Union could be arrived at only once the State’s Constitution was brought into force. It was to put in place an arrangement in the meantime that Article 370 provided a few other stipulations. For example, it granted the President the power to make orders applying specific provisions of the Constitution other than Articles 1 and 370 to J&K. But even such orders required subsequent ratification by the State’s Constituent Assembly. It was thus clear that once J&K’s Constitution came into force, together with Article 370, it would form a cohesive means of governing the State.

Condition for abrogation

•This position is further illuminated by Article 370(3). The clause, as Gopalaswami Ayyangar put it to India’s Constituent Assembly, “explains the whole of this article”. It accorded the President a power to declare either the Article in full or any part of it inoperative on the recommendation of the Constituent Assembly of the State. This recommendation, as Gopalaswami Ayyangar explained, was a “condition precedent” to any effort at abrogating the provision.

•No doubt, this original arrangement was meant to be temporary. But it was temporary only in the sense that the structure of governance would eventually be elucidated by the J&K Constitution that the State’s Constituent Assembly was meant to frame. On its drafting, the Assembly could have well chosen to recommend to the President the abrogation of Article 370 (which could have even meant separation from the Union). But given that no such recommendation was made, the intention was writ large: the Article would continue to represent the sole means of taking India’s Constitution into the State. Although this disposition has since been disturbed in various different ways, invariably at the instance of the Indian government, as the Supreme Court recognised as recently as in December 2016, unless the conditions in clause (3) were met, Article 370 would have to remain.

Misreading Article 367

•The Union government has not entirely disputed this position. But in finding itself thwarted by these constraints, what the government has offered us is an illusory and coercive change to the constitutional bargain. Article 367, which provides rules for interpreting the Constitution, has been modified insofar as it applies to J&K by providing that wherever the term “Constituent Assembly of the State” was used in Article 370 it would refer only to the “Legislative Assembly of the State”. Nifty as this might sound, the substitution, in effect, does not merely alter Article 367, but it also impinges on Article 370 itself, something which the provision, as Ayyangar was keen to stress on, decidedly prohibits.

•Swiftly following this presidential order came a statutory resolution which suggested to Parliament the abrogation of the essential components of Article 370. But because J&K was under President’s Rule, Parliament had now stepped into the shoes of the State’s Legislative Assembly. This meant that, as a result of the newly shaped Article 367, it also acted as the State’s Constituent Assembly. The incongruity could scarcely be more evident. The Union executive vested in Parliament an unrepresentative constituent power, which meant it could recommend to the President the absolute nullification of Article 370. The upshot of all this was that a decision of portentous significance affecting J&K’s political future was made even though the people of the State were afforded neither an opportunity to speak for themselves nor the chance to speak through their own elected representatives.

•Our Constitution’s brilliance is contained in its fidelity to principles. Those principles are not fungible. Under no circumstances do they license government to use the excuse of a supposed noble end to trump the Constitution’s guarantees. The processes concretised by the Constitution are important because they partake in them a vow to pay heed to the consent of the governed. When those processes are allowed to be broken they strike at the understanding that sovereignty rests with the people.

•To borrow from Annie Dillard’s inimitable words, in this case, casting aside constitutionalism feels like “sliding down the mountain pass and into the region of dread”. Already the extraordinary blockade of communication channels in J&K, and the detention of scores of people, including three former Chief Ministers of the State, have been regarded as unexceptional, and, even more ominously, as necessary consequences of the constitutional change. The judgment in ADM Jabalpur may well have been overruled since, but the ghosts of the court’s darkest days have not fully dissipated. In J&K, the legacy of ADM Jabalpur has persisted for decades. Now when the court reviews the government’s decisions it may want to recall its past blunders, especially the ones that entrenched its place in the annals of the Emergency’s history.

📰 Focus to be on cooperation in Russian Far East during Modi-Putin meet: Indian envoy
Read More
Read more »
at
Labels:

THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 28.08.2019

07:33
Read More
at
Labels: , ,

General Science Handwritten Notes Pdf Download

07:22




Click Here to Download General Science Handwritten Notes Pdf
Click Here to Like our Facebook page for latest updates and free ebooks
Read More
at
Labels: , , , ,

Biology handwritten notes in hindi

07:04






Click Here to download Biology handwritten notes in hindi 
Click Here to Like our Facebook page for latest updates and free ebooks
Read More
at
Labels: , , ,

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Daily Current Affairs, 27th August 2019

18:14





1) National Digital Library of India launched by HRD Ministry
•Human Resource Development Ministry has launched the National Digital Library of India project to develop a framework of virtual repository of learning resources with a single-window search facility. It has been launched under the National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology, NMEICT.

 •Currently, there are more than 3 crore digital resources available through the National Digital Library. National Digital Library is also integrated with UMANG App.

2) Indo Pacific Chiefs of Defence Conference 2019 to be held in Thailand
•The 2019 Indo Pacific Chiefs of Defence (CHOD) Conference will be held in Bangkok, Thailand’s. In this conference, India will be represented by Chairman Chiefs of Staff Committee (COSC) and Chief of the Air Staff- Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa.

 •The conference will provide perspectives on common challenges faced by attending nations and elicit open discussions on the same. The theme for the conference is “Collaboration in a free and Open Indo – Pacific”. 

3) 4th edition of Internet of Things (IoT) India Congress 2019
•The 4th edition of India’s largest confluence of digital technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) India Congress 2019 held in Bengaluru, Karnataka with the theme of   ‘Mainstreaming the Internet of Things’.

 •It was inaugurated by Shri Ajay Prakash Sawhney, Secretary, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India(GoI). The IoT India Congress 2019 will include tracks on segments such as healthcare, manufacturing, telecom, smart cities, energy, retail, cybersecurity, skills and development, IoT Standards, legal and regulatory, and agriculture.

4) 7th ‘Community Radio Sammelan’ to be held in Delhi
•The 7th ‘Community Radio Sammelan’ will be held in New Delhi. The ‘Sammelan’ will witness the representatives of community radio stations which will discuss experiences and possibilities of programming. This Sammelen will be held to raise awareness of sustainable development goals.

 •The theme of this year’s Sammelan is ‘Community Radio for SDGs’. It is organized by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting will witness the participation of all operational Community Radio Stations across the country.

5) Intel launches first artificial intelligence chip Springhill
•Intel Corp launched its latest processor, it’s first using artificial intelligence (AI), designed for large computing centres.

 •The chip developed at its development facility in Haifa, Israel. The name of the chip is  Nervana NNP-I or Springhill and it is based on a 10 nanometre Ice Lake processorthat will allow it to cope with high workloads using minimal amounts of energy.

6) Department of Social Justice & Empowerment and NACO signed an MoU



•The Department of Social Justice signed an MoU with the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO). The signed MoU will enhance outreach on AIDS prevention, address the risk of HIV transmission among all substance users and empower the discriminated and vulnerable groups such as victims of HIV/AIDS, drug abuse and female sex workers.

7) RBI to transfer Rs 1.76 lakh crore to government
•The Reserve Bank of India has approved the transfer of record Rs 1.76 lakh croredividend and surplus reserves to the government. The sum of Rs 1,76,051 crore comprises Rs 1,23,414 crore of surplus for the year 2018-19 and Rs 52,637 crore of excess provisions identified as per the revised Economic Capital Framework.

 •The receipts from the RBI will give a stimulus to the government’s efforts to boost the economy from a five-year low. It is the highest-ever surplus amount transferred by the RBI to government.

8) Amazon India launches Military Veterans Employment programme
•Amazon India has launched a Military Veterans Employment programme in the country. This programme will create employment opportunities for military veterans and their spouses across the company’s fulfilment centres, sort centres and delivery centres in India.

 •Amazon India is partnering with the office of the Director-General of Resettlement (DGR) and the Army Welfare Placement Organisation (AWPO) to create continued work opportunities for military families across the country.

9) Feroz Shah Kotla Stadium to be renamed as Arun Jaitley Stadium
•The Delhi and District Cricket Association (DDCA) decided to rename Feroz Shah Kotla Stadium as Arun Jaitley Stadium in the memory of its former president of DDCA. Jaitley was the president of DDCA from 1999 to 2013. The renaming of the stadium will take place in September.
Read More
at
Labels: , ,