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The Indian
Government has launched various projects for the welfare and
protection of animals. Two such successful initiatives are the Project
Tiger & Project Elephant. The relevance of these topics
in Bank & Government exams is unquestionable. Let us learn more
about Project Tiger & Project Elephant in detail. This post is brought to
you by Oliveboard, an
online exam preparation platform for government and banking exams.
What
is Project Tiger?
Project
Tiger is an initiative launched by the Government of India in the
year 1973, to conserve our National animal, the Tiger. The project is centrally
sponsored by the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate change and
covers 47 Tiger reserves across 18 tiger range states (about 2.08% of India’s
Geographical area).
All
the activities are carried out by a statutory body formed by the Ministry,
called National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), which performs the
functions provided in the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.
The
tiger reserves are categorized into ‘Core’ & ‘Buffer’.
Core: Areas
having the legal status of a Wildlife Sanctuary or National Park, where
exclusive tiger agendas are fostered
Buffer
(peripheral areas): Multiple use
areas which are a mix of forest and non-forest lands, where inclusive
people-oriented agendas are fostered
What are the functions carried out under Project
Tiger?
·
Providing central
assistance to states with the tiger reserves, like, protection, habitat
amelioration, monitoring, eco-development for the people residing in buffer
areas, relocation of people from core areas, addressing the human-wildlife
conflicts.
·
Alerting the
states, with tiger reserves, when required
·
Level monitoring
using cameras to keep photo ID’s of individual tigers
·
Transmitting
information relating to poachers
·
Using thermal
cameras and IT for improved surveillance
·
Advising the states
to check for snares/traps through combing
·
Providing central
assistance to states with tiger reserves for anti-poaching operations
·
Performing regular
field visits through offices of NTCA
·
Providing
permission to patrol outside sensitive tiger reserves
·
Preparing national
database of individual tigers with their photo IDs
·
Providing the
states assistance to refine their monitoring systems
·
Assisting the
states to provide local workforce to assist the field staff
·
Assisting states to
deploy, raise and arm the Special Tiger Protection Force
·
Managing the moving
of tigers in human-dominated lands
·
Preserving areas
with biological importance
·
Using IT for
wildlife crime prevention
·
Strengthening
protection infrastructure
·
Maintaining the
distribution of tigers in the country
·
Managing habitats
as per the Tiger Conservation Plans
·
Relocation of people
from critical tiger habitats
·
Strengthening the
offices of NTCA
·
Consolidating &
declaring new tiger reserves
·
Fostering research
List
of Tiger Reserves in India:
|
Name
|
Location
|
|
Bandhavgarh
|
Madhya
Pradesh
|
|
Panna
|
Madhya
Pradesh
|
|
Sanjay
Dubri
|
Madhya
Pradesh
|
|
Satpura
|
Madhya
Pradesh
|
|
Pench
|
Madhya
Pradesh
|
|
Kanha
|
Madhya
Pradesh
|
|
Buxa
|
West
Bengal
|
|
Sundarban
|
West
Bengal
|
|
Dudhwa
|
Uttar
Pradesh
|
|
Pilibhit
|
Uttar
Pradesh
|
|
Kaziranga
|
Assam
|
|
Manas
|
Assam
|
|
Nameri
|
Assam
|
|
Pakke
|
Arunachal
Pradesh
|
|
Namdapha
|
Arunachal
Pradesh
|
|
Ranthambore
|
Rajasthan
|
|
Mukandra
Hills
|
Rajasthan
|
|
Sariska
|
Rajasthan
|
|
Achanakmar
|
Chhattisgarh
|
|
Udanti-Sitanadi
|
Chhattisgarh
|
|
Indravati
|
Chhattisgarh
|
|
Similipal
|
Odisha
|
|
Satkosia
|
Odisha
|
|
Nawegaon-Nagzira
|
Maharashtra
|
|
Melghat
|
Maharashtra
|
|
Pench
|
Maharashtra
|
|
Bor
|
Maharashtra
|
|
Tadoba-Andhari
|
Maharashtra
|
|
Sahyadri
|
Maharashtra
|
|
Dandeli-Anshi
|
Karnataka
|
|
Bhadra
|
Karnataka
|
|
Nagarahole
|
Karnataka
|
|
Bandipur
|
Karnataka
|
|
Biligiri
Ranganatha Temple
|
Karnataka
|
|
Kali
|
Karnataka
|
|
Sathyamangalam
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Madumalai
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Anamalai
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
KalakadMundanthurai
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Parambikulam
|
Kerala
|
|
Periyar
|
Kerala
|
|
Kawal
|
Telangana
|
|
Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam
|
Andhra
Pradesh, Telangana
|
|
Palamau
|
Jharkhand
|
|
Valmiki
|
Bihar
|
|
Corbett
|
Uttarakhand
|
|
Dampa
|
Mizoram
|
What
is Project Elephant?
Project
Elephant was also launched by the Government of India in the year 1992, to
protect elephants & their habitats, address the man-wildlife conflicts and
for the welfare of captive elephants.
What are the functions of Project Elephant?
·
Provide Financial
& Technical support to elephant-bearing states
·
Restoring the
natural habitats & migratory routes of elephants
·
Developing
scientific & planned management system to conserve elephant habitats
·
Taking measures for
mitigation of man-elephant conflicts
·
Protecting
elephants from poachers
·
Research on
improving elephant management issues
·
Awareness and
public education programs
·
Ecological
development
·
Veterinary care
·
Rehabilitation and
rescue centers for elephants
List
of elephant reserves in India:
|
Name
|
Location
|
|
Mayurjharna
|
West
Bengal
|
|
Eastern
Dooars
|
West
Bengal
|
|
Singhbhum
|
Jharkhand
|
|
Mayurbhanj
|
Odisha
|
|
Mahanadi
|
Odisha
|
|
Sambalpur
|
Odisha
|
|
Baitarni
|
Odisha
|
|
Badalkhol-Tamorpingla
|
Chhattisgarh
|
|
Kameng
|
Arunachal
Pradesh
|
|
South
Arunachal
|
Arunachal
Pradesh
|
|
Sonitpur
|
Assam
|
|
Dihing-Patkai
|
Assam
|
|
Kaziranga
– KarbiAnglong
|
Assam
|
|
Dhansiri-Lungding
|
Assam
|
|
Chirang-Ripu
|
Assam
|
|
Intanki
|
Nagaland
|
|
Garo
Hills
|
Meghalaya
|
|
Mysore
|
Karnataka,
|
|
Wayanad
|
Kerala
|
|
Anamudi
|
Kerala
|
|
Periyar
|
Kerala
|
|
Nilambur
|
Kerala
|
|
Nilgiri
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Coimbatore
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Anamalai
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Srivilliputtur
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
|
Rayala
|
Andhra
Pradesh
|
|
Shivalik
|
Uttaranchal
|
|
Uttar
Pradesh
|
U.P.
|
We
hope the above contributes to your upcoming Bank & Government exam
preparations.
